1. Copula
a. 이다
The root word of this copula is '이'. And it changes into 이에요 for noun which ends by consonant, and changes into 예요 for noun which ends by vowel when it's added with formal particle .
This particle is the to be in Korean, so the meaning depends on the subject (is, am, are).
This particle is the to be in Korean, so the meaning depends on the subject (is, am, are).
Example: - 동방신기의 콘서트예요 = This is TVXQ!'s concert
- 데니엘은 가수예요 = Daniel is a singer
- 나는 대학생이에요 = I'm a university student
- 우리는 일본 사람이에요 = We are Japanese
b. 이/가 아니에요
This is the negative form of 이다, and its root word is '아니'. In making negative sentence, we have to add subject particle (이/가) in front of 아니에요. The meaning of this particle is "is/am/are not..."
Example: - 동방신기의 콘서트가 아니에요 = This isn't TVXQ!'s concert
- 데니엘은 가수가 아니에요 = Daniel isn't a singer
- 나는 대학생이 아니에요 = I'm not a university student
- 우리는 일본 사람이 아니에요 = We are not Japanese
- 우리는 일본 사람이 아니에요 = We are not Japanese
2. Particle 있다/없다
있다 means "is" or "has/have", while 없가 means "isn't" or "doesn't have".
Example: - 앤디가 학교에 있어요 = Andi is at school
- 앤디가 학교에 없어요 = Andi is not at school
- 유키는 휴대폰가 있어요 = Yuki has cellphone
- 유키는 휴대폰가 없어요 = Yuki doesn't have cellphone
Q&A:
1. What is the useful/meaning of '에' before 있다/앖다?
- learn about that particle here
2. What is the useful/meaning of '가' before 있다/앖다?
- 휴대폰 needs that particle because it's the subject of the sentence (learn about it here)
