Since it's gonna be a long post, so this is a hwaiting from Changmin! ^.^//
Auxiliaries are used to state the time, perspective, mood or sound. Auxiliaries in Korean originally are regular verbs, but when they're used as auxiliaries, they give different meaning.
Regular
Verbs
|
Meaning
|
Auxiliaries
|
Meaning
|
보다
|
see
|
~어/아 보다
|
try/please
|
오다
|
arrive/come
|
~어/아 오다
|
go
ahead
|
가다
|
go
|
~어/아 가다
|
go
ahead
|
가지다
|
grip
|
~어/아 가지다
|
maintain
|
치우다
|
tidy
up
|
~어/아 치우다
|
waste
|
대다
|
produce
|
~어/아 대다
|
do something till the end
|
있다
|
exist/contain
|
~어/아 있다
|
happening
|
주다
|
give
|
~어/아 주다
|
do
something for the others
|
내다
|
produce/make
|
~어/아 내다
|
do
everything
|
나다
|
happen/occur
|
~어/아 나다
|
settle/finish
|
버리다
|
throw
away
|
~어/아 버리다
|
finishing/ending
|
빠지다
|
fall
|
~어/아 빠지다
|
getting
old/decompose
|
놓다
|
put
|
~어/아 놓다
|
do something later
|
하다
|
do
|
~어/아 하다
|
in
a condition
|
지다
|
be
|
~어/아 지다
|
be
|
말다
|
stop
|
~고 말다
|
stop
|
The formula of mixing auxiliaries and main verbs (adjectives for some auxiliaries):
root word of main verb + 어/아 + auxiliary
note: main verb is the verb of the statement (for better understanding, keep scrolling down :D)
1. ~ 어/아 보다
Example: - 일본어를 공부해 봅니다 = I'm trying learning Japanese
- 일본어를 공부해 봅시다! = Let's try learning Japanese!
- 일본어를 공부해 보십시오 = Try learning Japanese!
- 일본어를 공부해 볼거예요 = I'll try learning Japanese
- 일본어를 공부해 봤습니다 = I've tried learning Japanese
- 일본어를 공부해 보세요 = Please try learning Japanese
- 고생을 많이 해 봤습니다 = I've been having hard times in my whole life
- 영국에 가 봤습니다 = I've arrived in England
- 가방을 열어 보세요 = Please open your bag
- 이러나 봐요 = Please wake up
- Why do we have to use this particle to tell the experience when we can only use past particle? -
Okay, the answer is easy. Like i said in the beginning explanation of this particle, this particle is being used to tell the experience of something that we do for the first time, means that's something new for the speaker.
Example: - 영국에 가 봤습니다 = I've arrived in England
- 영국에 갔습니다 = I've been in England/I've gone to England
The first example means that the speaker is in England for the first time and he's still in England. He's saying "It's my first time going to England and I've just arrived here".
While the second example is using past particle. It means that we don't know whether it was the speaker's first time of going to England or not and he's not in England anymore.
another example:
Example: - 자전거를 타 봤어요? = Have you ever tried riding bicycle?
- 자전거를 탔어요? = Have you ever ride bicycle?
So, the conclusion is this particle may give past meaning, but it has first time of trying to do something meaning, while past particle gives something that happened in the past and it's no longer happening.
read this to know more about past particle.
Now listen to these songs..
보여줄게 나를 따라 해 봐 ...
나를 봐 내게 일어난 일을 (날 봐)...
Which song that use this particle?
Don't get confused by these two 봐. 봐 in the second song is from 보다 which means 'see'. This is not a particle, but a verb. While 봐 in the first song is the particle that we're discussing about.
Then, how to differentiate it?
Easy..
Like I said, the second 봐 is verb, so you just need to see is there any other verb in a single statement. If there isn't so that must be a verb, not the particle. The second way is to see whether the word before it any additional root word+ 아/어 보다 or not. If there is, then it must be the particle.
Example: - TV를 봐요 (single statement: 1 verb in a sentence)
- 책을 읽으면서 TV를 봐요 (double statement: 2 verbs in a sentence)
- 그가 TV를 보는 사람은 너보고 말해요
- 불고기를 먹어 봐요
The third example is an example of double verbs in a single statement. The first verb, 보, isn't a verb anymore, but a noun because it changed into 보는 (read here to understand more about noun describer).
And the fourth example is the 어/아 보다. Why? Because 먹다 (root word) changed into 먹어 (root word+어) then it followed by 봐요.
So...
이거 좀 봐 봐..
Which one of these 봐 is the verb and which one is the particle? kkkkk
2. ~어/아 볼까요?
시작해 볼까?...
This particle is used by the speaker, first-person subject (I, we), to get permission from the listener. But it still contains first time doing something meaning.
Example: - 네가 숙제를 봐 볼까요? = May I see your homework?
- 우리 마식축구를 해 볼까요? = May we playing football?
- 제가 이 노래를 한번 불러 볼까요 ? = May I sing this song once?
- What's the difference between this particle and ~어/아도 되다? -
The difference is this particle has first time doing something meaning, while 어/아도 되다 has not.
Example: - 이 맥주를 마셔 볼까요? = May I drink this beer?
- 이 맥주를 마셔도 됄까요? = May I drink this beer?
in the first example, the speaker has never drunk beer before, so he's asking whether he can drink beer for the first time with drinking the beer that he's seeing at. While in the second example the speaker has drunk before, and he's asking whether he can drink the beer that he's seeing at.
(Read this to understand about ~어/아도 되다)
3. ~ 어/아 본 일이 있다/없다
This particle is used to asking about experience, thus it has past meaning. 있다 for positive meaning (there is..), while 없다 (there isn't..) for negative meaning.
Example: - 창민을 만나 본 일이 없어도 오빠 것은 많이 알았어요 = Although I've never met Changmin, i knew a lot about him
- 한 여자는 커녕 많이 여자 나에게 좋아해 본 일이 없어요 = There has never any girl liked me before, let alone many girls
- 영국에 가 본 일이 있습니다 = I've been to England before
- What's the difference between the 3rd example of this particle and the last example of the previous particle and past particle? -
For better understanding, take a look at this example:
Example: - 영국에 가 봤습니다 = I've arrived in England
- 영국에 가 본 일이 있습니다 = I've been in England before
- 영국에 갔습니다 = I've gone to England
This example shows you that this particle is similar with past particle.
Have a good day!! ^^
